In the United States, presidential elections are decided by the Electoral College, a system where a group of 538 electors choose the president. Each state gets a number of electors based on its representation in Congress, and most states have a winner-takes-all system where the candidate with the most votes in the state receives all the electors. To win the White House, a candidate must secure at least 270 of the Electoral College votes.
The Electoral College system has come under scrutiny, as it is possible for a candidate to win the popular vote but still lose the election, as seen in the 2016 election when Hillary Clinton lost to Donald Trump. Some argue that the system should be replaced by a popular vote system, while others believe it helps to balance the power between states, ensuring that smaller states have a say in the election process.
The Electoral College votes are cast in December and certified by Congress in January, confirming the president-elect. Overall, the system determines the political power of the states and shapes the outcome of presidential elections in the United States.
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